METHODICALS OF FORMING PROFESSIONAL SPEECH OF STUDENTS OF NATURAL AND MATHEMATICAL SPECIALTIES IN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE CLASSES WITH A PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION

Abstract

The article considers the methodological principles for forming the professional speech of students of natural and mathematical specialties in the process of studying the discipline Ukrainian Language with a Professional Orientation. Students of the naturalistic and mathematical specialisation have a number of cognitive and educational features that should be taken into account when building a course: they are dominated by a structural-logical type of thinking: information is better absorbed when presented in the form of a clear algorithm, scheme, table, and not a continuous humanitarian text; these students are accustomed to the unambiguousness and accuracy of formulations, therefore the stylistic variability of the Ukrainian language, synonymy, imagery, and the possibility of several correct answers can cause them discomfort and even resistance; due to the specifics of their professional training, they have limited practice of oral coherent speech in Ukrainian on abstract topics, although they freely operate in the symbolic, formulaic language of their field. The specifics of the contingent of applicants with a mathematical and natural profile are substantiated, for whom developed logical thinking, a tendency toward formalized structures, and, at the same time, limited experience in public humanitarian communication are characteristic. The main difficulties that arise during the mastering of professional speech by this category of students are analyzed: terminological uncertainty, interference of colloquial and scientific styles, copied constructions, and poor syntax during oral scientific speech. A set of methodological techniques is proposed: terminological practicum, structured editing of a scientific text, educational presentation of the solution to the problem, and a discussion club on professional issues, all of which take into account the specifics of this audience's analytical thinking. It is noted that to diagnose the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, it is advisable to use the following criteria: terminological correctness (compliance of the terms used with the current language norm), stylistic compliance (compliance with the requirements of the scientific style in oral and written speech), syntactic development (ability to build complex syntactic constructions that reflect logical connections), communicative confidence (readiness for a public oral explanation of professional material).