SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CONTENT OF SPORTS TRAINING FOR SWIMMERS OF DIFFERENT QUALIFICATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31110/2616-650X-vol14i7-017Keywords:
Swimming, sports training, training components, swimmers, sports qualification, training load volume, microcycleAbstract
The article substantiates the content of sports training for swimmers of different qualifications, taking into account the ratio of its main components, the volume of training load, and the orientation of training sessions. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that athletes at different levels of sports mastery may train within the same educational and training group. They have a common training structure but require different training content according to their qualifications. The aim of the study is to determine the features of the ratio and content of the main components of sports training for swimmers of different qualifications. The study used analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, analysis of regulatory and program documents on swimming, pedagogical observation, comparative analysis, and methods of mathematical statistics. The training activity of 22 male and female athletes of different sports qualifications was analyzed: Second Adult Category, First Adult Category, Candidate for Master of Sports, and Master of Sports of Ukraine. It was found that with the growth of qualification, the weekly and annual volume of training load increases: from 18 hours per week and 936 hours per year among swimmers of the Second Adult Category to 24 hours per week and 1248 hours per year among Candidates for Master of Sports and Masters of Sports of Ukraine. The model distribution of training components showed that swimmers of lower qualification have a larger share of technical training, whereas Candidates for the Master of Sports and Master of Sports of Ukraine show an increased importance of physical, tactical, and psychological components. The analysis of the microcycle revealed differences in training session duration, total workload, and the main orientation of training. It was determined that differentiation of the training load should be reflected not only in an increase in the amount of work but also in changes in the content and orientation of training sessions according to the athletes’ qualification level. The data obtained confirm the need to differentiate the content of sports training for swimmers by qualification level.
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